European Journal of Cancer
Volume 39, Issue 7 , Pages 881-890 , May 2003

Quantification of angiogenesis as a prognostic marker in human carcinomas: a critical evaluation of histopathological methods for estimation of vascular density

Received 16 April 2002 ,Revised 30 August 2002 ,Accepted 9 October 2002.

References 

  1. Weidner N, Semple JP, Welch WR, Folkman J. Tumor angiogenesis and metastasis—correlation in invasive breast carcinoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 1991;324:1–8
  2. Fox SB, Leek RD, Smith K, Hollyer J, Greenall M, Harris AL. Tumor angiogenesis in node-negative breast carcinomas—relationship with epidermal growth factor receptor, estrogen receptor, and survival. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 1994;29:109–116
  3. Chalkley HW. Method for the quantitative morphologic analysis of tissues. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 1943;4:47–53
  4. Vermeulen PB, Gasparini G, Fox SB, et al.  Quantification of angiogenesis in solid human tumours (an international consensus on the methodology and criteria of evaluation). Eur. J. Cancer. 1996;32A:2474–2484
  5. Fox SB, Leek RD, Weekes MP, Whitehouse RM, Gatter KC, Harris AL. Quantitation and prognostic value of breast cancer angiogenesis (comparison of microvessel density, Chalkley count, and computer image analysis). J. Pathol. 1995;177:275–283
  6. Gasparini G, Fox SB, Verderio P, et al.  Determination of angiogenesis adds information to estrogen receptor status in predicting the efficacy of adjuvant tamoxifen in node-positive breast cancer patients. Clin. Cancer Res. 1996;2:1191–1198
  7. Hansen S, Grabau DA, Rose C, Bak M, Sørensen FB. Angiogenesis in breast cancer. A comparative study of the observer variability of methods for determining microvessel density. Lab. Invest. 1998;78:1563–1573
  8. Fox SB, Gatter KC, Leek RD, et al.  More about (tumor angiogenesis as a prognostic assay for invasive ductal breast carcinoma). J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 2000;92:161–162
  9. Axelsson K, Ljung BM, Moore DH, et al.  Tumor angiogenesis as a prognostic assay for invasive ductal breast carcinoma. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 1995;87:997–1008
  10. Offersen BV, Borre M, Sorensen FB, Overgaard J. Comparison of methods of microvascular staining and quantification in prostate carcinoma (relevance to prognosis). APMIS. 2002;110:177–185
  11. Borre M, Offersen BV, Nerstrom B, Overgaard J. Microvessel density predicts survival in prostate cancer patients subjected to watchful waiting. Br. J. Cancer. 1998;78:940–944
  12. Offersen BV, Sorensen FB, Yilmaz M, Knoop A, Overgaard J. Chalkley estimates of angiogenesis in early breast carcinoma: relevance to prognosis. Acta Oncol. in press.
  13. Offersen BV, Knap MM, Horsman MR, Hamilton-Dutoit S, Overgaard J. Intense inflammation in bladder carcinoma is associated with angiogenesis and indicates good prognosis. Br J Cancer in press.
  14. Offersen BV, Pfeiffer P, Hamilton-Dutoit S, Overgaard J. Patterns of angiogenesis in nonsmall-cell lung carcinoma. Cancer. 2001;21:1500–1509
  15. Gundersen HJ, Bendtsen TF, Korbo L, et al.  Some new, simple and efficient stereological methods and their use in pathological research and diagnosis. APMIS. 1988;96:379–394
  16. Hansen S, Grabau DA, Sorensen FB, Bak M, Vach W, Rose C. The prognostic value of angiogenesis by Chalkley counting in a confirmatory study design on 836 breast cancer patients. Clin. Cancer Res. 2000;6:39–46
  17. Fox SB, Taylor M, Grondahl-Hansen J, Kakolyris S, Gatter KC, Harris AL. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 as a measure of vascular remodelling in breast cancer. J. Pathol. 2001;195:236–243
  18. Leek RD, Lewis CE, Whitehouse R, Greenall M, Clarke J, Harris AL. Association of macrophage infiltration with angiogenesis and prognosis in invasive breast carcinoma. Cancer Res. 1996;56:4625–4629
  19. Giatromanolaki A, Koukourakis M, O'Byrne K, et al.  Prognostic value of angiogenesis in operable non-small cell lung cancer. J. Pathol. 1996;179:80–88
  20. Cox G, Walker RA, Andi A, Steward WP, O'Byrne KJ. Prognostic significance of platelet and microvessel counts in operable non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer. 2000;29:169–177
  21. Decaussin M, Sartelet H, Robert C, et al.  Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its two receptors (VEGF-R1-Flt1 and VEGF-R2-Flk1/KDR) in non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs) (correlation with angiogenesis and survival). J. Pathol. 1999;188:369–377
  22. Dickinson AJ, Fox SB, Persad RA, Hollyer J, Sibley GN, Harris AL. Quantification of angiogenesis as an independent predictor of prognosis in invasive bladder carcinomas. Br. J. Urol. 1994;74:762–766
  23. Chaudhary R, Bromley M, Clarke NW, et al.  Prognostic relevance of micro-vessel density in cancer of the urinary bladder. Anticancer Res. 1999;19:3479–3484
  24. Vermeulen PB, Gasparini G, Fox SB, et al.  Second international consensus on the methodology and criteria of evaluation of angiogenesis quantification in solid human tumours. Eur. J. Cancer. 2002;38:1564–1579
  25. Hansen S. Angiogenesis in Breast Cancer. A Methodological and Prognostic Evaluation. PhD thesis. Odense University Hospital, Denmark, 1999.
  26. Ferrara N. Molecular and biological properties of vascular endothelial growth factor. J. Mol. Med. 1999;77:527–543
  27. Ryan HE, Lo J, Johnson RS. HIF-1 alpha is required for solid tumor formation and embryonic vascularization. EMBO J. 1998;17:3005–3015

PII: S0959-8049(02)00663-9

doi: 10.1016/S0959-8049(02)00663-9

European Journal of Cancer
Volume 39, Issue 7 , Pages 881-890 , May 2003

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution